What is the main function of the association areas?

The association areas of the brain play a crucial role in higher cognitive functions. They are responsible for integrating information from various sensory inputs and are involved in complex processes such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking. These areas do not correspond to specific sensory or motor functions but instead are involved in the formulation of thoughts and understanding language, among other cognitive tasks. By connecting sensory information with memories and experiences, the association areas facilitate complex mental processes that shape how we perceive, interpret, and respond to the world around us. This makes them essential for tasks that go beyond basic motor functions or hormonal regulation, which are subjects of the other options provided.